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'Beetles' and 'Beetle-back' cars The most famous 'Beetle' car is Volkswagen's Type 1, spawned out of Kdfwagen and Tatra prototypes. The recipe for this car had started to be mixed in the 1920s with the aim of taking aerodynamic lessons from aircraft design into road vehicles. However the optimal teardrop shape for an aircraft was simply too impractical for a car. The answer was for a simplified teardrop shape having a fairly conventional but rounded from and tapering down through a sloping back which resembled the shell of a Beetle. Many manufacturers attempted this, with Tatra persisting with this for longer than most. The Volkswagen Beetle was in development at the time of interest in aerodynamic bodies (and experiments by Tatra) and therefore was given such a body. In many countries the VW was quickly named 'Beetle' (or Kafer, Escarabajo, Coccinelle ...) as well as 'Frog' and 'Turtle' amongst others. The Chrysler/DeSoto Airflow of 1934 was one of the most notable big manufacturers' involvements with streamlining, and poor sales quickly saw the Chrysler group bringing out less radical versions. In postwar Europe new models tried to distance themselves from the 'old-fashioned' pre war cars by clothing sometimes old mechanics in new shapely bodies. The British Morris Minor ('poached egg') was such an incarnation and France offered the Renault 4CV ('lump of butter') or Citroen 2Cv ('Tin Snail', 'Umbrella on Wheels'). By the 1950s the more regular 3-box saloon offered a roomier vehicle and the Beetle gradually declined, although both the Morris minor and Volkswagen Beetle made it into the 1970s. |
British Cars | 'Bathtub' designs | Simon Cars |